Skomer is the largest of the Pembrokeshire islands, a national nature reserve of international importance for its seabirds. It’s also a good place to see seals, and in spring and early summer has some of the best wild flower displays in western Britain.

Evidence of human presence goes back to the Bronze Age, in the form of a solitary standing stone known as the Haroldstone and a group of nine small burial cairns. But the most important archaeological remains date from the Iron Age (650 BC - 100 AD) when more than 200 people were thought to have lived here. There are traces of four settlements, a small promontory fort, and some of the best-preserved Iron Age field systems in Britain. In spring, before the vegetation grows up, these ancient field boundaries are clearly visible as lines of stones or stone and earth banks.

The island’s vegetation is pruned by wind and salt, manured and trampled by seabirds, and grazed by thousands of rabbits. Bluebells and red campion flourish in sheltered areas, with thrift and sea campion on the clifftops. There are no trees, although willow, bramble and blackthorn scrub survive in the valleys, and woodland indicator species such as bluebells suggest there were once extensive wooded areas.

Skomer has the largest and most accessible colonies of seabirds in southern Britain. The cliffs are wall-to-wall seabirds - fulmars, razorbills, guillemots and kittwakes. Puffins nest in burrows in the cliff-top turf, herring gulls and great black-backed gulls on rocky outcrops, lesser black-backed gulls on the plateau. The noise, smell and breeding activity continues night and day.

The island has more than 100,000 pairs of Manx shearwaters, possibly the largest colony of this species in the world. Feeding out at sea by day, they return to their burrows at night, heralded by their unmistakable eerie cries which once gave Skomer a reputation as the "island of lost souls". Staying overnight on Skomer is an unforgettable experience.

The seabirds are a food supply for ravens, buzzards and peregrine falcons, which also breed and feed on the island. Several pairs of chough and a variable number of short-eared owls also breed here.

There are no predatory mammals such as foxes or rats, hence the abundance of ground-nesting birds. The Skomer vole is unique to the island. Toads are present in their thousands, along with some frogs, palmate newts, lizards and slow-worms.
Grey seals are seen on rocks at low tide throughout the year, especially near the Garland Stone. From late August to October the female seals (cows) come ashore to have their pups.

The waters around Skomer, Skokholm and Middleholm are part of the Skomer Marine Nature Reserve, one of only three such reserves in the UK. Here you’re likely to see common porpoises, feeding on fish in the swirling waters. In late summer you may see common dolphins, as well as bottle-nosed and Risso’s dolphins, and also the strange sunfish.

© Pembrokeshire Coast National Park Authority 2002

A number of operators run daily Wildlife and Dive trips in the area from various departure points. Operators include:

Dales Sea Safari –Berthed at Dale or Neyland
Pembrokeshire Dive Charter/Shearwater Safaris – Berthed at Neyland
St Brides Boat Company – berthed at Broad Haven

Pembrokeshire Boat Charters
Dale Sailing – Berthed at Martins Haven and Landing on the Island

All of these operators have skippers and crews accredited to the WiSe scheme (Wildlife Safe) and are active members of the Pembrokeshire Marine Code group. As such they adhere to the codes of conduct developed to protect the marine wildlife of Pembrokeshire whilst providing patrons with knowledge of the species being observed.

For more information on where to go and what to see in Pembrokeshire visit: www.pembrokeshirecoast.org.uk